Health Benefits in Science and Technology
One of the greatest contribution of modern science is the preventing of communicable diseases and prolongation of human life. Some communicable disease can be treated by modern science.
1 Laser Beam- is a device that emits light (electromagnetic radiation) through a process called stimulated emission. The term "laser" is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.[1][2] Laser light is usually spatially coherent, which means that the light either is emitted in a narrow, low-divergence beam, or can be converted into one with the help of optical components such as lenses. Typically, lasers are thought of as emitting light with a narrow wavelength spectrum ("monochromatic" light). This is not true of all lasers, however: some emit light with a broad spectrum, while others emit light at multiple distinct wavelengths simultaneously. The coherence of typical laser emission is distinctive. Most other light sources emit incoherent light, which has a phase that varies randomly with time and position.
2 Proton Beam- radiation therapy has had remarkable success in the treatment of many types of cancer, including brain and spinal tumors, as well as prostate cancer. Some researchers have suggested that antiprotons may be even more effective at killing cancer cells than their proton counterparts. So far, only initial research with cell cultures has been performed.
3 Irradiation- is the process by which an item is exposed to radiation. The exposure can be intentional, sometimes to serve a specific purpose, or it can be accidental. In common usage the term refers specifically to ionizing radiation, and to a level of radiation that will serve that specific purpose, rather than radiation exposure to normal levels of background radiation or abnormal levels of radiation due to accidental exposure. This term also applies to ’non-ionizing radiation as microwaves or to low frequency (50/60 Hz power supply), high frequency (as cellular phones, radio and TV transmissions).
4. An ion beam is a type of particle beam consisting of ions. Ion beams have many uses in electronics manufacturing (principally ion implantation) and other industries. Today’s ion beam sources are typically derived from the mercury vapor thrusters developed by NASA in the 1960s.
MODERN TECHNOLOGY
1. complete blood count (CBC)-, also known as full blood count (FBC) or full blood exam (FBE) or blood panel, is a test requested by a doctor or other medical professional that gives information about the cells in a patient’s blood. A lab technician (diploma holder) or technologist (bachelor holder) performs the requested testing and provides the requesting Medical Professional with the results of the CBC. A CBC is also known as a "hemogram".
2. An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a recording of the electrical activity of the heart over time produced by an electrocardiograph, usually in a noninvasive recording via skin electrodes. Its name is made of different parts: electro, because it is related to electrical activity, cardio, Greek for heart, gram, a Greek root meaning "to write". In the US, the abbreviation "EKG" , (abbreviated from the German Elektrokardiogramm) is often preferred over "ECG", while "ECG" is used universally in the UK and many other countries. It is preferred as "EKG" in the
3. A urinalysis(or "UA") is an array of tests performed on urine and one of the most common methods of medical diagnosis.A part of a urinalysis can be performed by using urine dipsticks, in which the test results can be read as color changes.
4. A biopsy (in Greek: βίος life and όψη look/appearance) is a medical test involving the removal of cells or tissues for examination. The tissue is generally examined under a microscope by a pathologist, and can also be analyzed chemically. When an entire lump or suspicious area is removed, the procedure is called an excisional biopsy. When only a sample of tissue is removed with preservation of the histological architecture of the tissue’s cells, the procedure is called an incisional biopsy or core biopsy. When a sample of tissue or fluid is removed with a needle in such a way that cells are removed without preserving the histological architecture of the tissue cells, the procedure is called a needle aspiration biopsy.
5. Angiography or arteriography is a medical imaging technique to visualize the inside, or lumen, of blood vessels and organs of the body, with particular interest in the arteries, veins and the heart chambers. This is traditionally done by injecting a radio-opaque contrast agent into the blood vessel and imaging using X-ray based techniques such as fluoroscopy. The film or image of the blood vessels is called an angiograph, or more commonly, an angiogram.
Its name comes from the Greek words angeion, "vessel", and graphein, "to write or record"
6. Electroencephalography (EEG) is the measurement of electrical activity produced by the brain as recorded from electrodes placed on the scalp.
7. Endoscopy means looking inside and typically refers to looking inside the body for medical reasons using an instrument called an endoscope. Endoscopy can also refer to using a borescope in technical situations where direct line-of-sight observation is not feasible.
8. Nuclear ScansAlso called: Radioisotope scans, Radionuclide scans
Nuclear scanning uses radioactive substances to see structures and functions inside your body. Nuclear scans involve a special camera that detects energy coming from the radioactive substance, called a tracer. Before the test, you receive the tracer, often by an injection. Although tracers are radioactive, the dosage is small. During most nuclear scanning tests, you lie still on a scanning table while the camera makes images. Most scans take 20 to 45 minutes.
Nuclear scans can help doctors diagnose many conditions, including cancers, injuries and infections. They can also show how organs like your heart and lungs are working.
9. Mammography is the process of using low-dose X-rays (usually around 0.7 mSv) to examine the human breast. The goal of mammography is the early detection of breast cancer, typically through detection of characteristic masses and/or microcalcifications. Mammography is believed to reduce mortality from breast cancer. No other imaging technique has been shown to reduce risk, but breast self-examination (BSE) and physician examination are considered essential parts of regular breast care.
10. A Pap smear (also known as the Pap test) is a medical procedure in which a sample of cells from a woman’s cervix (the end of the uterus that extends into the vagina) is collected and spread (smeared) on a microscope slide. The cells are examined under a microscope in order to look for pre-malignant (before-cancer) or malignant (cancer) changes.
BREAKTHROUGH IN MEDICINE
1.Acupuncture (or in Standard Mandarin) refers to acupuncture together with moxibustion)[ is a technique of inserting and manipulating fine filiform needles into specific points on the body with the aim of relieving pain and for therapeutic purposes. According to traditional Chinese medical theory, these acupuncture points lie along meridians along which qi, the vital energy, flows. There is no known anatomical or histological basis for the existence of acupuncture points or meridians. Modern acupuncture texts present them as ideas that are useful in clinical practice. According to the NIH consensus statement on acupuncture, these traditional Chinese medical concepts "are difficult to reconcile with contemporary biomedical information but continue to play an important role in the evaluation of patients and the formulation of treatment in acupuncture."
2.Many chiropractic treatment techniques/modalities are available for use by chiropractors. Although the chiropractic profession is primarily based on the use of the spinal adjustment, many other techniques exist for treating the spine, as well as other joints and tissues. A modern chiropractor may specialize in spinal adjustments only, or may use a wide range of methods intended to address an array of neuromusculoskeletal and general health issues. Examples include soft tissue therapy, strength training, dry needling (similar to acupuncture), functional electrical stimulation, traction, and nutritional recommendations. Chiropractors may also use other complementary alternative methods as part of a holistic treatment approach.
MODERN TECHNOLOGIES THAT HELP IN THE CONTROL DISEASE
1.Acupuncture (or in Standard Mandarin) refers to acupuncture together with moxibustion)[is a technique of inserting and manipulating fine filiform needles into specific points on the body with the aim of relieving pain and for therapeutic purposes. According to traditional Chinese medical theory, these acupuncture points lie along meridians along which qi, the vital energy, flows. There is no known anatomical or histological basis for the existence of acupuncture points or meridians. Modern acupuncture texts present them as ideas that are useful in clinical practice. According to the NIH consensus statement on acupuncture, these traditional Chinese medical concepts "are difficult to reconcile with contemporary biomedical information but continue to play an important role in the evaluation of patients and the formulation of treatment in acupuncture."
2.Coronary artery bypass surgery, also coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and colloquially heart bypass or bypass surgery is a surgical procedure performed to relieve angina and reduce the risk of death from coronary artery disease. Arteries or veins from elsewhere in the patient’s body are grafted to the coronary arteries to bypass atherosclerotic narrowings and improve the blood supply to the coronary circulation supplying the myocardium (heart muscle). This surgery is usually performed with the heart stopped, necessitating the usage of cardiopulmonary bypass; techniques are available to perform CABG on a beating heart, so-called "off-pump" surgery.
3.Endorphins are endogenous opioid polypeptide compounds. They are produced by the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus in vertebrates during strenuous exercise,[1] excitement, and orgasm,[2][3] and they resemble the opiates in their abilities to produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. Endorphins work as "natural fever relievers", whose effects may be enhanced by other medications.
4.Fibrin (also called
5.Chemotherapy, in its most general sense, refers to treatment of disease by chemicals that kill cells, specifically those of micro-organisms or cancer. In popular usage, it will usually refer to antineoplastic drugs used to treat cancer or the combination of these drugs into a cytotoxic standardized treatment regimen as opposed to a targeted therapy.
6.Cobalt-60 (Co-60 or 60Co) is a radioactive metal that is used in radiotherapy. It produces two gamma rays with energies of 1.17 MeV and 1.33 MeV.
7.Radiation therapy (or radiotherapy) is the medical use of ionizing radiation as part of cancer treatment to control malignant cells (not to be confused with radiology, the use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis). Radiotherapy may be used for curative or adjuvant cancer treatment. It is used as palliative treatment (where cure is not possible and the aim is for local disease control or symptomatic relief) or as therapeutic treatment (where the therapy has survival benefit and it can be curative). Total body irradiation (TBI) is a radiotherapy technique used to prepare the body to receive a bone marrow transplant. Radiotherapy has several applications in non-malignant conditions, such as the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, severe thyroid eye disease, pterygium, pigmented villonodular synovitis, prevention of keloid scar growth, and prevention of heterotopic ossification. The use of radiotherapy in non-malignant conditions is limited partly by worries about the risk of radiation-induced cancers.
8.Liquid nitrogen (liquid density at the triple point is 0.707 g/mL) is the liquid produced industrially in large quantities by fractional distillation of liquid air and is often referred to by the abbreviation, LN2. It is pure nitrogen, in a liquid state. Liquid nitrogen has the UN number 1977.
9.An Organ transplant is the moving of a organ from one body to another (or from a donor site on the patient’s own body), for the purpose of replacing the recipient’s damaged or failing organ with a working one from the donor site. Organ donors can be living or deceased (previously referred to as cadaveric).
MODERN APPARATUS
1 X-radiation (composed of X-rays) is a form of electromagnetic radiation. X-rays have a wavelength in the range of 10 to 0.01 nanometers, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 petahertz to 30 exahertz (30 × 1015 Hz to 30 × 1018 Hz) and energies in the range 120 eV to 120 keV. They are shorter in wavelength than UV rays. In many languages, X-radiation is called Röntgen radiation after one of its first investigators, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.
2 Laser Beam- is a device that emits light (electromagnetic radiation) through a process called stimulated emission. The term "laser" is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.[1][2] Laser light is usually spatially coherent, which means that the light either is emitted in a narrow, low-divergence beam, or can be converted into one with the help of optical components such as lenses. Typically, lasers are thought of as emitting light with a narrow wavelength spectrum ("monochromatic" light). This is not true of all lasers, however: some emit light with a broad spectrum, while others emit light at multiple distinct wavelengths simultaneously. The coherence of typical laser emission is distinctive. Most other light sources emit incoherent light, which has a phase that varies randomly with time and position.
3 Electroencephalography (EEG) is the measurement of electrical activity produced by the brain as recorded from electrodes placed on the scalp.
4 Ultrasound is cyclic sound pressure with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing. Although this limit varies from person to person, it is approximately 20 kilohertz (20,000 hertz) in healthy, young adults and thus, 20 kHz serves as a useful lower limit in describing ultrasound. The production of ultrasound is used in many different fields, typically to penetrate a medium and measure the reflection signature or supply focused energy. The reflection signature can reveal details about the inner structure of the medium. The most well known application of this technique is its use in sonography to produce pictures of fetuses in the human womb. There are a vast number of other applications as well.
5 Scanner - which is get a information in those body. They scan the body and the get the information’s just like a x-rays.
SCIENTIST WHO CONTRIBUTED GREATLY IN THE FIELD OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH
1.Sir Alexander Fleming (6 August 1881 – 11 March 1955) was a Scottish biologist and pharmacologist. Fleming published many articles on bacteriology, immunology, and chemotherapy. His best-known achievements are the discovery of the enzyme lysozyme in 1922 and the discovery of the antibiotic substance penicillin from the fungus Penicillium notatum in 1928, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Florey and Chain.[1]
2.William Eindhoven discovered the electrocardiogram (ECG).
3.Jonas Edward Salk (October 28, 1914 – June 23, 1995) was an American biologist and physician best known for the research and development of a killed-virus polio vaccine, the eponymous Salk vaccine.
4.Christiaan Neethling Barnard (November 8, 1922 – September 2, 2001) was a South African cardiac surgeon, famous for performing the world’s first successful human-to-human heart transplant.
5.Peter Safar (April 12, 1924 – August 2, 2003) was an Austrian physician of Czech descent. He is credited with pioneering cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
6.Dr. Patricia Bath has dedicated her life to the treatment and prevention of visual impairments.
7.Dr. Willem Johan (Pim) Kolff (born February 14, 1911) is a pioneer of hemodialysis as well as in the field of artificial organs.
8.Gertrude Elion patented the leukemia-fighting drug 6-mercaptopurine in 1954 and has made a number of significant contributions to the medical field. Dr. Gertrude Elion’s research led to the development of Imuran, a drug that aids the body in accepting transplanted organs, and Zovirax, a drug used to fight herpes.
9.Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen opened the door to genetic engineering and laid the foundations for gene therapy and the biotechnology industry.
10.Frederick Grant BantingKBE MC FRSC (November 14, 1891 – February 21, 1941) was a Canadian medical scientist, doctor and Nobel laureate noted as one of the co-discoverers of insulin.
11.Raymond Vahan Damadian (born March 16, 1936) is an American practitioner of magnetic resonance imaging.
12.The use of ultrasound in medicine began during and shortly after the 2nd World War in various centres around the world. The work of Dr.Karl Theodore Dussik in
13.Professor lan Donald-developed practical technology and application for ultrasound
Source
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_beam
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_therapy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ion_beam
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_blood_cell_count
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocardiogram
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinalysis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopsy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiography
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroencephalogram
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopy
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/nuclearscans.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammography
http://www.medicinenet.com/pap_smear/article.htm#toca
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiropractic_treatment
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_bypass
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endorphin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalt
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_therapy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_nitrogen
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_transplant
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_ray
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasound
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/scanner
www.ent.ohiou.edu/~mehta/BIOMED/biobackground.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Fleming
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonas_Salk
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christiaan_Barnard
http://www.black-inventor.com/Dr-Patricia-Bath.asp
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/dr._peter_safar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_Johan_Kolff
http://web.mit.edu/invent/a-winners/a-boyercohen.html
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blelion.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Banting
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_Vahan_Damadian
http://www.bmus.org/public-info/pi-history02.asp
0 comments:
Post a Comment